Essential disks and semi-essential surfaces in 3-manifolds
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Essential Closed Surfaces in Bounded 3-manifolds
A question dating back to Waldhausen [10] and discussed in various contexts by Thurston (see [9]) is the problem of the extent to which irreducible 3-manifolds with infinite fundamental group must contain surface groups. To state our results precisely, it is convenient to make the definition that a map i : S # M of a closed, orientable connected surface S is essential if it is injective at the ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Topology and its Applications
سال: 2012
ISSN: 0166-8641
DOI: 10.1016/j.topol.2012.02.011